![]() Yet, the performance of these implementations in terms of CPU time, memory usage, and energy consumption is lacking in the official Android documentation although saving CPU, memory, and energy is a major concern of users wanting to increase battery life.Ĭonsequently, we study the use of map implementations by Android developers in two ways. Although Java offers different map implementation classes, Android SDK offers other implementations supposed to be more efficient than HashMap: ArrayMap and SparseArray variants (SparseArray, LongSparseArray, SparseIntArray, SparseLongArray, and SparseBooleanArray). We found that after the introduction of Kotlin code in existing Android application written in Java, the quality of the majority of such applications increase.Ī map is a data structure that is commonly used to store data as key-value pairs and retrieve data as keys, values, or key-value pairs. ![]() Results: Our experiment found that 11.78% of applications from a dataset with 925 open source apps have been written (partially or fully) using Kotlin language. Finally, we study how the introduction of Kotlin code impacts on the quality of an Android application. Then, we analyze those apps to detect instances of code smells and compute an estimation of quality of the apps. Method: We first define a method to detect Kotlin applications from a dataset of open-source Android applications. ![]() Secondly, it aims to measure the quality of Android applications that are written using Kotlin and to compare it with the quality of Android application purely written using Java. First, it aims to study the degree of adoption of Kotlin language on development of Android applications and to measure the amount of Kotlin code inside Android application. Objective: The goal of this paper is twofold. Kotlin is programming language 100% interoperable with Java that combines Object-oriented and functional features. For instance, since 2017 Android developers have the official support to write their Android applications using Kotlin language. Context: During the last years, developers of mobile applications have the possibility to use new paradigms and tools for developing their mobile applications.
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